Explanation

Bicycles, cranes, and hand drills use a combination of pulleys and gears to transfer and control motion.

These machines rely on mechanical advantage from both systems for efficient performance.

Explanation

In Anthoceros (a hornwort), the sporophyte lacks a distinct seta (stalk).

Instead, the sporophyte consists of a foot, a capsule, and a central columella.

Explanation

Hydration is the process of adding water (H₂O) to alkenes to form alcohols, usually in the presence of H₂SO₄ as a catalyst.

It follows Markovnikov's rule, where the –OH group attaches to the more substituted carbon.

Explanation

The pons controls facial expressions, eye movement, and some sensory roles.

It serves as a communication bridge between different parts of the brain.

Explanation

Sodium nitrate, sodium citrate, and even sodium sulphate (less commonly) are used in preserving food by preventing microbial growth.

These salts help in extending shelf life and maintaining flavor or color in processed foods.

Explanation

Jet engines typically produce very high power, often in the megawatt (MW) range.

1.2 × 10⁶ watts equals 1.2 megawatts, which is appropriate for a jet engine.

Explanation

In a reversible adiabatic process, there is no heat transfer (Q = 0).

As a result, the entropy change (ΔS) is zero because entropy change is directly related to heat transfer in a reversible process (ΔS = Q / T).

Explanation

The orbital speed (v) of a satellite is given by:

v = √(GM / (R + h))

If the orbital radius (R + h) is halved:

v' = √(GM / ((R + h) / 2))

= √(2GM / (R + h))

= √2 * √(GM / (R + h))

= √2 * v

So, the orbital speed will increase √2 times.

Explanation

Given:

Magnification M = 5

Distance between lenses L = f₀ + fₑ = 24 cm

Magnification formula M = f₀ / fₑ

Let's solve for f₀ and fₑ:

1. f₀ / fₑ = 5 => f₀ = 5fₑ

2. f₀ + fₑ = 24

Substituting f₀ = 5fₑ into the second equation:

5fₑ + fₑ = 24

6fₑ = 24

fₑ = 4 cm

Now, f₀ = 5fₑ = 5 × 4 = 20 cm

Explanation

The total time of flight (T) for a projectile is given by:

T = 2v₀sin(θ) / g

The maximum height (H) is:

H = (v₀sin(θ))² / (2g)

Using T = 2v₀sin(θ) / g, we can express v₀sin(θ) = gT/2. Substituting this into the height equation gives:

H = (gT/2)² / (2g) = g²T² / 8g = gT² / 8