Explanation

The first successful GUI-based computer was the Apple Lisa, developed by Apple Inc. in 1983.

It introduced a mouse-driven interface with icons and windows, paving the way for modern operating systems.

Explanation

Nested loops are loops placed inside another loop.

It allowing complex iteration through multi-dimensional data structures.

They are commonly used for tasks like processing matrices or multi-level data.

Explanation

The hierarchical model organizes data in a tree-like structure, similar to an organizational chart, where each record has a single parent and can have multiple children.

It represents relationships between data in a parent-child hierarchy.

Explanation

A system analyst studies and analyzes business problems and designs efficient information systems to solve them.

They act as a bridge between users and developers, planning solutions and coordinating software/system development.

Explanation

Logical errors occur when the program runs without crashing but gives incorrect output.

These errors are due to wrong logic and cannot be detected by the computer automatically.

Explanation

In Ring topology, each computer is connected to two others, forming a circle.

Data travels in one direction (or sometimes both, in a dual ring) from node to node until it reaches its destination.

Explanation

The Control Unit (CU) directs and coordinates most operations of the computer by managing the flow of data and instructions.

It tells the ALU, memory, and I/O devices how to respond to instructions.

Explanation

In C, getchar() reads a single character from standard input but requires pressing "Enter" to submit the input.

The input is buffered, meaning it waits for the newline (n) before processing the character.

Explanation

A compiler is system software that translates the entire high-level language source code into machine-level object code at once.

It checks for errors during translation and produces a separate executable file.

Explanation

A supercomputer is designed to perform trillions of instructions per second, making it the fastest type of computer for complex computations.

It is used in areas like climate modeling, scientific simulations, and cryptography.