Explanation

Let us convert the given word expression into a numerical format by deriving each term and its operation.

The operation of multiplication or 'x' in words is 'times'.

Eight times of a number b is denoted by 8xb = 8b.

Ten times of a number c is denoted by 10xc = 10c.

The operation of subtraction is denoted by ' - '.

Since we are subtracting eight times the number b from ten times the number c, we will write the term 10c first and then place the operation sign (of subtraction), which is followed by the next term 10c.

Hence, the required expression is = 10c- 8b.

ND12_8_2023

Explanation

Human Rights Watch headquartered in New York City

It is an international non-governmental organization

HRW stands for Human Rights Watch 

It was founded in 1978 (as Helsinki Watch)

Additional information:

Human Rights Day is observed every year on 10 December

Explanation

Shanghai Cooperation Organisation was founded on June 15, 2001

***

Shanghai Cooperation is the world's largest regional organization in terms of geographic scope and population, covering approximately

60% of the area of Eurasia,

40% of the world's population,

and more than 30% of the global GDP.

***

Headquarters: Beijing, China

Founders: China, Russia, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan

***

On 9 June 2017 India and Pakistan became full members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO).

Explanation

USAID is a U.S. government agency responsible for administering civilian foreign aid and development assistance worldwide.

It focuses on improving health, education, economic growth, and humanitarian assistance in developing countries.

Explanation

Commonwealth: political association of 56 member states

Explanation

The Oslo Accords are a pair of interim agreements between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO).

The Oslo I Accord was signed in Washington, D.C., in 1993.

The Oslo II Accord was signed in Taba, Egypt, in 1995.

Explanation

In March 2025, Syria’s membership in OIC was re-activated during a meeting of the 57-member group in Jeddah.

Membership of Syria was frozen by OIC in 2012.

Note: OIC stands for Organization of Islamic Cooperation.

OIC was founded in 1969. It has 57 members.

OIC headquarters located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

 ****

Explanation

The Middle East Treaty Organization, also known as the Central Treaty Organization

CENTO was a military alliance of the Cold War.

Headquarters: Baghdad (1955 – 1958) Ankara (1958 – 1979)

CENTO was formed on 24 February 1955 by:

• Iran
• Iraq
• Pakistan
• Turkey
• and the United Kingdom.

CENTO alliance was dissolved on 16 March 1979

related question

Both Iran and Pakistan remained members of CENTO till?

Explanation

The Treaty of Mangalore was signed between Tipu Sultan and the  East India Company on 11 March 1784

Explanation