Explanation

• In March 1929, Muhammad Ali Jinnah presented his 14 Points during a Muslim League session in Delhi to protect Muslim rights and interests.
• He had left for England in May 1928.
• He had returned after six months.
• The Nehru Report of 1928 influenced these points, which were consolidated with help from Muhammad Ali Jauhar.
• Jinnah’s Fourteen Points (1929) aimed to safeguard Muslim rights in British India.

They included:

1. Federal constitution with provincial powers.
2. Provincial autonomy.
3. No constitutional changes without state agreement.
4. Adequate Muslim representation in legislatures.
5. Muslim representation in services and self-governing bodies.
6. 1/3rd Muslim representation in the Central Legislature.
7. 1/3rd Muslim members in central and state cabinets.
8. Separate electorates.
9. No bill passed if 3/4th of a minority opposes it.
10. Reorganisation should not affect Muslim majorities in Bengal, Punjab, and NWFP.
11. Separation of Sindh from Bombay Presidency.
12. Reforms in NWFP and Balochistan.
13. Full religious freedom.
14. Protection of Muslim religious, cultural, educational, and linguistic rights.

Explanation

Lake Baikal is the deepest (1,700 m) lake in the world.

It is Situated in south-east Siberia

It is the oldest (25 million years) and the largest freshwater lake

It contains 20% of the world's total unfrozen freshwater reserves.

Lake Baikal Basin Tasil countries: Mongolia and Russia

Additional information 

The Congo River is the world's deepest recorded river at 720 feet (220 meters) deep in parts

Explanation

Karakar pass is located in: Hindu Kush, KPK

1. Khyber Pass 

connects: Peshawar to Kabul

connects: Pakistan to Afghanistan

Height 1070 meters, 3510 feet 

2. Bolan Pass 

Connects: JCB and Sibi with Quetta 

Height: 1793 meters, 5884 feet 

3. Lowari Pass 

Connects: Chitral with Dir 

Height: 3118 meters, 10230 feet 

4. Broghil Pass 

Location: Pakistan & Afghanistan border 

Height: 3798 meters, 12460 feet 

5. Malakand Pass 

Connects: Dir with Chitral 

Height: 1362 meters, 4468 feet 

6. Shandur pass

Connects: Gupis/Gilgit with Chitral 

Height: 3700 meters, 12139 feet 

7. Khanjerab Pass (top most in Pakistan) 

Other name: Friendship Gate

Connects: China with Pakistan 

Height: 4693 meters, 15397 feet 

8. Dorah pass

Connects: Badakhshan province of Afghanistan with Chitral 

Height: 4300 meters, 14108 feet 

9. Babusar Pass 

Connects: Mansehra/Abbotabad with Gilgit

10. Kohat Pass

Connects: Kohat with Peshawar 

11. Khojak Pass

Connects: Qilla Abdullah with Chaman

12. Tochi Pass

Connects: Ghazni with Bannu

13. Karakar Pass

Connects: Mingora with Buner 

Explanation

Siachen Glacier is located in Ghanche District.

The Ghanche District is located in Gilgit-Baltistan. 

Pakistan Army's brigade headquarters is located at Goma, Ghanche district.

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Siachen is glacier.

Siachen Glacier length is 76KM or 72.4km

the height of Siachin Glacier is 20,000 feet

Siachen Glacier is Pakistan largest Glacier

Siachen Glacier is world 2nd largest Glacier

“Siachen Glacier” is situated in Karakoru Range

meaning of Siachen Glacier is Abundance of roses.گلاب کی کثرت۔

Explanation

Justice Attique Shah is the current & permanent chief justice of Peshawar High Court since July 2025.

His selection was approved by The Judicial Commission of Pakistan (JCP).

He replaced Justice Ishtiaq Ibrahim.

Explanation

Monkeypox virus, a zoonotic orthodox DNA virus related to the virus that causes smallpox,

was first described in humans in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Mpox can spread from person to person or occasionally from animal to people

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Health officials have confirmed the first case of monkeypox (mpox) in Islamabad, Pakistan, as of April 21. 

ND17-7-2023

Explanation

On 10 April 2023, the National Assembly of Pakistan unanimously approved a resolution to declare April 10 as National Constitution Day on the Golden Jubilee of the Constitution.

The constitution of Pakistan was approved on 10 April 1973.

Explanation

In 1979 Hudood Ordinance was introduced in Pakistan first time.

Hudood in Islam: "Hudud is an Arabic term that refers to Islamic penal law or Quranic punishments."

It is part of the military ruler Zia-ul-Haq's "Islamisation" process

On 10 February 1979, President Ziaul Haq promulgated four ordinances, collectively referred to as the “Hudood Ordinances” 

Explanation

Farooq Ahmad Khan Leghari was the eighth president of Pakistan

eighth president of Pakistan from 14 November 1993 until resigning on 2 December 1997.

He was the first Baloch to be elected as president.

He started his own Millat party 

In 1996 he dismissed Benazir Government

Born: Sardar Farooq Ahmad Khan Leghari 29 May 1940

Died: 20 October 2010 (aged 70) Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Resting place: Choti Zareen, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan

Political party: Pakistan Muslim League (Q) (2002–2010)

Explanation

Reza Amiri Moghadam  is the current Ambassador of Iran to Pakistan.