Explanation

Excessive irrigation can lead to the accumulation of salts in the soil, causing salinity.

Salinity causes salt stress in plants.

Prolonged liberal irrigation results in nutrient depletion in the soil so that the plants do not grow properly.

Explanation

In the complex  [ 𝐹 𝑒 ( 𝑁 𝐻 3 ) 6 ] ^2 + , iron (Fe) is in the +2 oxidation state, meaning it has a  𝑑6 electron configuration.

Ammonia (NH₃) is considered a strong field ligand under Crystal Field Theory (CFT), causing the electrons in the 𝑑-orbitals to pair up due to the large splitting of the 

𝑑-orbitals.

In a strong field environment, the electrons occupy the lower energy  𝑡2𝑔 orbitals first, and all six electrons pair up, leaving no unpaired electrons.

Therefore, the number of unpaired electrons is 0.

Explanation

Horny structures, like the horns of cattle, are made of keratin and do not shed off.

Unlike antlers, which are shed annually, horns are permanent structures that continue to grow throughout the animal's life

The other options—scales, feathers, and fur—are either shed or replaced regularly.

Explanation

When a harmless species mimics the appearance of a more harmful or poisonous species to avoid predators, it is known as Batesian mimicry.

This form of mimicry helps the harmless species gain protection from predation by resembling a species that predators avoid.

Explanation

When the same species of insect gives rise to different forms or varieties due to adaptation to different environments or ecological niches,

it is referred to as polyphenism.

Polyphenism is the occurrence of multiple distinct forms (phenotypes) within a single species depending on environmental conditions or other factors.

Explanation

A vector quantity is a physical quantity that has both magnitude and direction. 

Acceleration, electric field, and velocity are vector quantity because It has both magnitude and direction.

Additional information:

a scalar quantity only has magnitude.

Mass, temperature, and kinetic energy, volume,  are scalar quantities because they all contain only magnitude

Explanation

The process in which the change of vapor or gas into liquid is known as condensation

Some examples of water condensation:

• Morning dew on the grass.
• Water droplets on the outer surface of cold drink bottle.
• Foggy car windows

Additional information:

The process of change of state from solid to liquid is called melting

Evaporation is the conversion of liquid into its vapor, below the boiling point of liquid.

Explanation

Answer:

C

Benzene is an organic compound.

 molecular formula C3H3.

A benzene molecule is composed of six carbon atoms connected to a planar ring, each with a hydrogen atom.

Benzene is classified as a hydrocarbon because it contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Empirical  Formula: C6H6

Explanation

Ecology involves the study of animals and their interactions with the environment.

It covers how organisms adapt, survive, and relate to each other and their surroundings.

Explanation

Soil erosion is primarily caused by the natural forces of water and wind, as well as human activities that disrupt the soil.

These factors can accelerate the process of topsoil removal, leading to land degradation and decreased fertility.