Explanation

The functions of the kidney in the human body include:

1: Filtration:

Removes waste products and excess substances from the blood, forming urine.

2: Regulation:

Balances electrolytes, water, and pH levels in the body.

3: Blood Pressure Control:

Regulates blood pressure by managing the volume of fluids and releasing the hormone renin.

4: Erythropoiesis:

Produces erythropoietin, which stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow.

5: Detoxification:

Eliminates toxins and drugs from the bloodstream.

6: Vitamin D Activation:

Converts vitamin D into its active form, which is essential for calcium absorption and bone health.

Explanation

• Acid rain affects the photosynthesis and growth of plants.
• Acid rain can alter soil chemistry and damage leaves, which in turn negatively impacts the photosynthesis process and overall plant health.

Explanation

• Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction where only one parent is involved, and offspring are produced without the fusion of gametes (sex cells).
• This means that the offspring are genetically identical to the parent.

Explanation

• Cross-Pollination is the transfer of mature pollen grains from the anther of one flower to the stigma of a flower on another plant of the same or different species.
• This means that the pollen is transferred between different plants, allowing for genetic diversity and increased fertility.

Explanation

• Transpiration is the process by which water is transported through the plant and evaporates from the aerial parts.
• Such as leaves, stems, and flowers, primarily through small openings called stomata.

Explanation

Root hairs are tubular outgrowths of root cells that increase the surface area for absorption of water, salts, and minerals from the soil.

Explanation

• Myocardial Infarction (MI) is the scientific term for a heart attack.
• It occurs when the blood flow to the heart is blocked, causing damage to the heart muscle.

Explanation

Torricelli's theorem is specifically used to find the velocity of efflux.

It states that the velocity of fluid flowing out of an opening (such as a small hole in a container) can be found using the equation:

v=  under root 2gh

where:

 𝑣 is the velocity of efflux,

𝑔  is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.81 m/s²),

ℎ  is the height of the fluid above the opening.

This theorem is particularly useful in situations involving the flow of liquids through openings or nozzles.

Explanation

• Limiting factors are the resources or conditions that restrict the growth, survival, or reproduction of organisms in an ecosystem.
• Examples: light, water, temperature, predation, and competition for resources.

Explanation

• Plants don’t need shelter but they need air.
• Air provides the necessary carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and oxygen for respiration.