Explanation

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is a large molecule made up of smaller units called nucleotides. Each nucleotide is composed of:

• A sugar molecule (deoxyribose)
• A phosphate group
• One of four nitrogenous bases: Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), and Thymine (T)

Explanation

• Chromosomes are thread-like structures made up of DNA and proteins that carry genetic information from one generation to the next.
• They are found in the nucleus of living cells and play a crucial role in inheritance and genetic diversity.

Explanation

• The tongue is a muscular organ, and its rough structure is due to the presence of papillae.
• It small projections that house taste buds and contain taste receptors.

Explanation

• The retina is the innermost layer of the eye that senses light and sends visual signals to the brain.
• It's is also known as "screen of the eye".
• Because it is where the light rays are finally focused and interpreted as visual information.

Explanation

• Waste from the plastic industry is an example of non-biodegradable waste.
• As plastics are synthetic materials that are resistant to decomposition.
• It can take hundreds or thousands of years to break down.

Explanation

• The requirement for light during seed germination varies among plant species.
• Some seeds, like peas and beans, can germinate in darkness (skototropism).
• While others, like lettuce and petunia, require light (photoblastism) to break seed dormancy and initiate germination.
• This is because light can trigger the production of hormones and enzymes essential for germination.

Explanation

• Carnivores are animals that eat only meat, primarily from other animals.
• Examples of carnivores include lions, tigers, bears, wolves, and sharks.

Explanation

• Camels have a special water storage space in their humps, which store fatty tissue.
• When food and water are scarce, the camel's body metabolizes the fatty tissue in the hump, providing energy and water.
• This allows camels to survive for extended periods without water.

Explanation

A 64-year-old male presents with dry eyes.

The Pterygopalatine ganglion is most likely to be affected.

This ganglion is involved:

• In the innervation of the lacrimal glands
• damage or dysfunction can lead to decreased tear production
• resulting in dry eyes

Explanation

The best period of gestation to carry out chorionic villus sampling (CVS) for prenatal diagnosis is typically between 10-12 weeks

During this period, there is sufficient chorionic villi development for sampling,

The procedure is considered safe and effective for obtaining genetic material for prenatal diagnosis.