Explanation

• Ethyl alcohol was prepared by Al-Razi (also known as Rhazes).
• He was a Persian polymath who made significant contributions to chemistry and medicine, including the distillation of alcohol.

Explanation

• The lock and key model proposes that the enzyme and substrate have specific, complementary geometric shapes that fit together perfectly, like a key fitting into a lock.
• This means that the active site of the enzyme is a rigid, pre-formed structure that perfectly complements the shape of the substrate.

Explanation

• The correct sequence of biological organization is: Atom → Molecule → Cell → Tissue → Organ

This sequence represents the hierarchy of biological organization, from the smallest units (atoms) to the largest (organs):

• Atoms (the building blocks of matter)
• Molecules (groups of atoms bonded together)
• Cells (the basic structural and functional units of life)
• Tissues (groups of similar cells performing a specific function)
• Organs (structures composed of two or more types of tissues working together)

Explanation

• Inheritance refers to the passing down of traits or characteristics from parents to their offspring through the transmission of genetic information.
• This occurs through the transmission of DNA from one generation to the next.

Explanation

The correct sequence represents the increasing levels of organization in living organisms:

• Organelle (components within a cell)
• Cell (the basic structural and functional unit)
• Tissue (a group of similar cells performing a specific function)
• Organ (a structure composed of two or more types of tissue that work together to perform specific functions)

Explanation

Guard cells regulate the opening and closing of stomata, controlling gas exchange and transpiration.

They surround the stomata and change shape in response to environmental conditions, opening or closing the stomata as needed.

Explanation

Saprotrophs are living organisms that derive their food from dead and decaying organic materials.

It playing a crucial role in decomposing organic matter and recycling nutrients in ecosystems.

Explanation

Horticulture is the branch of agriculture concerned with the cultivation of fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, and ornamental plants.

It involves the development of new varieties of plants, their breeding.

The improvement of their yield, quality, and resistance to diseases.

Explanation

The main source of energy in stars is nuclear fusion.

It is the process of combining atomic nuclei (usually hydrogen nuclei) to form a heavier nucleus, releasing vast amounts of energy in the process.

This energy is what makes stars shine.

Explanation

Ultrasound has several medical applications, including:

• Pre-natal scanning
• Diagnostic imaging
• Cancer treatment

In industry, ultrasound is used for:

• Cleaning and deburring
• Welding and bonding
• Non-destructive testing