Explanation

A nucleotide, the building block of DNA and RNA, consists of three components:

1. A phosphate group (phosphate)
2. A sugar molecule (deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA)
3. One of four nitrogenous bases (Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine in DNA; Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Uracil in RNA)

Explanation

•  Sun has a temperature of around 6,000 °C and glows orange/yellow.
• This color is due to the blackbody radiation emitted by the Sun at this temperature, which peaks in the visible spectrum around yellow.

Explanation

• Echoes are repeating sounds that are reflected back to the listener after the original sound has stopped.
• They are a result of sound waves bouncing off a surface and returning to the listener, creating a repeated or echoic effect.

Explanation

• A rainbow is a beautiful natural phenomenon that demonstrates the spectrum of white light.
• When sunlight passes through water droplets in the air, it is refracted and separated into its individual colors, creating the colorful arc of a rainbow.
• This is a perfect example of the spectrum of white light.

Explanation

• Copper is an excellent conductor of heat, having a high thermal conductivity (386 W/mK).
• This means it can efficiently transfer heat energy with minimal resistance.
• Metals (e.g., iron, copper, silver, mercury, aluminum) are good conductors of heat.

Explanation

• The statement "A chemical compound always contains the same elements combined together in the same proportion or ratio" is a statement of the Law of Constant Composition.
• It is also known as the Law of Definite Proportions.
• This law was first discovered by Joseph Proust in 1797.

Explanation

• When an atom gains or loses electrons, it becomes an ion.
• If it gains electrons, it becomes a negative ion (anion).
• It it loses electrons, it becomes a positive ion (cation).

Explanation

• Animals like bees, butterflies, moths, birds, and bats are important pollinators of fruit plants.
• These animals visit flowers to collect nectar and pollen, and in the process, transfer pollen from one flower to another.
• It llowing for fertilization to occur and fruit to develop.

Explanation

• The speed of sound is minimum in gases because the particles are farthest apart, resulting in a slower transmission of vibrations.
• In gases, the speed of sound is approximately 343 meters per second at room temperature and atmospheric pressure.

Explanation

• In a longitudinal wave, a rarefaction is a region where the particles are furthest apart.
• This is in contrast to a compression, which is a region where the particles are closest together.