Which of the following process does not use a catalyst?

Which of the following process does not use a catalyst?

مندرجہ ذیل میں سے کون سا عمل اتپریرک استعمال نہیں کرتا ہے؟
Explanation

Thermite is a redox reaction that happens on its own.

It doesn't need a catalyst.

Haber's process, Contact process, and Ostwald's process need a catalyst.