In Kachruvian model, what is the meaning of the “outer circle”?

کچرووین ماڈل میں، "بیرونی دائرے" کا کیا مطلب ہے؟

A group of countries that speak English as their third language

A group of cities that speak English as their third language

A group of countries that speak English as their second language

A group of cities that speak English as their second language

In Kachru's model of World Englishes, the "outer circle" refers to a group of countries where English is used as a second language, typically as a legacy of colonization.
These countries include nations like India, Nigeria, and Singapore, where English has official status and is used as a medium of instruction, administration, and communication alongside indigenous languages.