p^ (a - b) × p^(b - c) × p^(c - a) =?

p^ (a - b) × p^(b - c) × p^(c - a) =?

Explanation

Given:

p^(a - b) × p^(b - c) × p^(c - a)

Using the property of exponents that states a^(m) × a^(n) = a^(m + n), we can simplify:

p^(a - b + b - c + c - a)

= p^(0)

= 1