Explanation

The formula Φ = 𝐵⋅ 𝐴 represents magnetic flux.

Here, 𝐵 is the magnetic flux density, and 𝐴 is the area through which the magnetic field lines pass.

It indicating the total magnetic field passing through that area.

Explanation

A SCR (Silicon Controlled Rectifier) has three pn junctions.

It consists of four layers of semiconductor material, forming a PNPN structure with three PN junctions.

Explanation

UJT (Uni-Junction Transistor) is a low resistance diode when conducting.

It is used in triggering and timing circuits, featuring a low resistance between the emitter and base in its conducting state.

Explanation

Load can be shifted in a parallel-connected induction motor by adjusting the field rheostat.

This changes the motor's excitation and affects its load distribution.

Explanation

The Diac is a bidirectional device without a gate.

It conducts in both directions once its breakdown voltage is exceeded.

This making it useful for switching applications.

Explanation

The energy gap (also called band gap) is the energy difference between the valence band (where electrons are bound) and the conduction band (where electrons are free to move).

• In conductors, the band gap is zero or overlaps.

• In semiconductors, the band gap is around 1 eV (e.g., silicon ≈ 1.1 eV).

• In insulators: The band gap is large, typically greater than 3 eV, and often around 5 eV or more.

This large gap in insulators prevents electrons from moving to the conduction band, making them poor conductors of electricity

Explanation

The Pauli exclusion principle applies to fermions, which have half-integer spin quantum numbers.

Option c) states "all particles with spin quantum numbers of '1/2', which is a half-integer.

Explanation

The experimental evidence that significantly contributed to the development of quantum mechanics is the Photoelectric effect. 

The photoelectric effect demonstrates that light can behave like particles (called photons) when it interacts with matter, causing electrons to be ejected from a metal surface. 

Explanation

Explanation

The area under a velocity-time graph represents the total distance traveled by an object. This is because:

∫v(t)dt = distance

Where v(t) is the velocity as a function of time.