Explanation

• Water (H2O) is a compound made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
• It is a chemical combination of two different elements, which is the definition of a compound.

Explanation

• In Al2Cl6, each chlorine atom shares two electrons with the aluminum atom, forming a covalent bond.
• This means that each chlorine atom donates two electron pairs to the bond.

Explanation

When ultraviolet radiation reacts with chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), it results in the breakdown of the ozone layer by releasing chlorine radicals Cl° and C° F2Cl.

Explanation

Most catalytic elements or their compounds belong to the d-block. 

d-block elements (transition metals):

These elements are known for their ability to participate in a wide variety of chemical reactions due to the availability of their d-orbitals. This allows them to act as catalysts by facilitating the formation of intermediate compounds and lowering the activation energy of reactions. 

Explanation

Van der Waals forces are the weakest type of intermolecular force because they arise from temporary fluctuations in electron distribution, leading to very weak, temporary dipole-dipole interactions. 

Explanation

 Leaving group ability:

A good leaving group is a species that can easily depart from a molecule taking a pair of electrons with it. 

Halide trend:

Among halogens (I, Br, Cl, F), iodide (I-) is the best-leaving group because it is the weakest base, meaning it is most stable with a negative charge. 

Explanation

When the 6d orbital is completely filled, the next electron enters the 7p orbital.

This is based on the Aufbau principle, which dictates that electrons first occupy the lowest energy levels available.

After the 6d orbitals (which can hold up to 10 electrons) are filled, 

The 7p orbitals (which can hold up to 6 electrons) become the next lowest energy

Explanation

The Pfund series of hydrogen spectral lines occurs when electrons fall to the n = 5 energy level from higher levels.

These transitions emit radiation in the infrared (IR) region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Explanation

Aluminum sulphate (also called alum) is a common coagulant used to purify potable water by causing suspended impurities to clump together and settle.

It helps remove particles, bacteria, and organic matter by forming flocs during the coagulation-flocculation process.

Explanation

The functional group for a ketone is a carbonyl group (C=O), where the carbonyl carbon is bonded to two other carbon atoms.