Explanation

Magma that is low in silica and high in iron and magnesium is mafic magma.

Mafic magma is also known as basaltic magma

Silica content: Mafic magma has a silica content of roughly 50%. 

Mafic magma contains dark-colored minerals, such as olivine and pyroxene,

Explanation

In a bomb calorimeter, reactions are carried out at constant volume.

This is because the calorimeter is designed to keep the volume constant during the reaction.

Any heat released or absorbed during the reaction causes a temperature change, which is measured to determine the heat of the reaction.

The constant volume ensures that the heat measured is solely due to the chemical reaction taking place

Without any external influences like changes in pressure or volume.

Explanation

Solid carbon dioxide, also known as dry ice

It is a cooling agent that has a lower temperature than water ice and is solid

It is extremely cold, with a temperature of −109 °F (−78 °C). 

Explanation

The hardest substance in the world is diamond.

Its hardness is due to the strong covalent bonding between its carbon atoms.

This making it the most resistant to scratching.

Category: Native minerals

Cleavage: 111 (perfect in four directions)

Crystal class: Hexoctahedral (m3m); H-M symbol: (4/m 3 2/m)

Crystal habit: Octahedral

Crystal system: Cubic

Dana classification: 1.3.6.1

Density: 3.5–3.53 g/cm3 3500–3530 kg/m3

Explanation

 Bamboo is the fastest-growing plant in the world. 

Some species can grow up to 91 cm (about 35 inches) in a single day under optimal conditions

Most  eucalyptus trees grow much faster than other trees

Some eucalyptus species can grow 6 to 12 feet per year. 

Explanation

Internal energy is primarily a function of temperature.

For a given substance, internal energy (U) is related to the temperature of the system, as it reflects the kinetic and potential energy of the molecules.

Explanation

The first open-heart surgery in India was performed on February 16, 1961

By Dr. K.N. Dastur at BYL Nair Hospital in Mumbai.

He used a heart-lung machine developed with the help of engineers at the National Steel Company.

The surgery was performed on a 19-year-old girl named Hemlata 

Explanation

Explanation

The permanent hardness of water is caused by Chloride, Nitrates, Calcium and Sulphates of Magnesium 

Permanent Hardness is not precipitated by boiling 

It is removed by Zeolite

Additional Information:

The Presence of Calcium and Magnesium Bicarbonates causes temporary hardness of water 

Temporary hardness can be removed by boiling the water

Explanation

Geology is the scientific study of the Earth's physical structure, composition, and processes.

Geology focuses on the Earth's crust, including its rocky parts, and explores its formation, transformation, and historical development.