Explanation

The study of the nervous system and its disorders is called neurology.

Neurologists diagnose and treat conditions related to the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

Explanation

According to the pressure flow theory, roots can act as a sink (when storing food) and as a source (when mobilizing stored food).

This dual role depends on the plant’s growth stage and seasonal needs.

Explanation

Gastric juice is composed of approximately 90% water, which helps dissolve food and enzymes.

The remaining 10% includes hydrochloric acid, enzymes like pepsin, and mucus.

Explanation

Marijuana is derived from the dried parts (flowers, stems, seeds, leaves) of Cannabis sativa.

It contains psychoactive compounds like THC.

Explanation

Potassium (K) regulates stomatal opening/closing by controlling guard cell turgidity, reducing water loss (transpiration).

It maintains osmotic balance.

Explanation

A probe is a short, single-stranded DNA or RNA sequence that binds to a complementary gene of interest.

It is used to screen genomic libraries for specific genes.

Explanation

Lithotripsy is a non-invasive method that uses shock waves to break medium-sized kidney stones.

The stone fragments then pass out naturally through urine.

Explanation

The smallpox vaccine (1796) by Edward Jenner and rabies vaccine (1885) by Louis Pasteur were key biotech advances before the 20th century.

DNA structure was discovered later in the mid-20th century.

Artificial sweeteners also post-date that era.

Explanation

• Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), and Nitrogen (N) are three essential macronutrients for plant growth.
• It is also referred to as "NPK".
• They play critical roles in various plant processes, including photosynthesis, root development, and cell growth.

Explanation

Deforestation reduces the number of trees that absorb CO₂ and release oxygen.

This leads to higher CO₂ levels, contributing to pollution and climate change.