Explanation

• The bacterium Yersinia pestis causes plague. 
• Plague is a zoonotic disease that can be transmitted from animals to humans.
• There are three types of plague, which are bubonic, septicemic and pneumonic, each named for the part of the body that gets infected by Y pestis.

Explanation

Glycolysis produces a net gain of 2 ATP molecules (4 produced – 2 used) per glucose molecule.

It also generates 2 NADH molecules, which can be used in oxidative phosphorylation for further ATP production.

Explanation

Protoplasm includes the plasma membrane and all the contents within it, i.e., the cytoplasm + nucleus.

It is the living part of the cell responsible for all life activities.

Explanation

Each megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis, producing four haploid megaspores.

Out of these, typically one megaspore develops into the female gametophyte, but initially four are produced.

Explanation

Actinopods are protozoans that move using pseudopods, which are temporary projections of their cytoplasm.

These structures help in both locomotion and capturing food (phagocytosis).

Explanation

Viruses cannot replicate on their own.

They require a host cell to reproduce, making this statement NOT true.

Explanation

Antibiotics can be used against Salmonella typhi, the bacteria responsible for typhoid fever.

Antibiotics are ineffective against viruses like herpes, influenza, or polio

Explanation

The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary activities like cardiac muscle contraction, salivation, and smooth muscle contraction,

but thoughts and emotions are regulated by the central nervous system (CNS).

Explanation

Discoloration of skin after death is liver (livor) mortis (also known as postmortem hypostasis).

It occurs due to the settling of blood in the lower parts of the body.

It causing a reddish-purple discoloration.

Explanation

The type of research focused on finding a solution to an immediate practical problem is termed applied research.

It aims to address specific, real-world issues by developing practical solutions.