Explanation

• When a population is small, it is more susceptible to genetic drift, which is the random change in the frequency of a gene or trait in a population over time.
• This is because there are fewer individuals and therefore less genetic diversity, making it more likely that chance events will significantly influence the gene pool.

Explanation

• Testosterone is a steroid hormone that can cross the cell membrane and bind to intracellular receptors, specifically androgen receptors.
• This binding triggers gene transcription and protein synthesis, leading to various physiological responses.

Explanation

• The statement that is wrong is: Mycobacterium tuberculosis stains blue because of the thick lipid layer.
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis actually stains red or pink, not blue, due to its unique cell wall composition, which includes a waxy substance called mycolic acid. This makes it resistant to the Gram stain and causes it to appear red or pink.

The other statements are correct:

• Streptococcus pyogenes stains blue because of its thick peptidoglycan layer, which retains the crystal violet dye.
• Escherichia coli stains pink because of its thin peptidoglycan layer, which allows the safranin counterstain to dominate.
• Mycoplasma pneumoniae is not visible in the Gram stain because it lacks a cell wall, making it unable to retain the dyes.

Explanation

Human teeth have two sets of teeth during their life i.e, one temporary set of milk and one permanent set.

Additional information:

The first set, deciduous teeth, also called "primary teeth"

It eventually contains 20 teeth.

They usually grow in by the age of 2.

The second set is called permanent teeth.

These are the teeth that grow between the ages of 6 and 12.

You start with 20 primary teeth

and end with 32 permanent teeth,

including the four wisdom teeth.

Explanation

The desert ecosystem of Bhakkar and Mianwali districts in Punjab, Pakistan is known as the Thal Desert.

It is a sandy, arid region located between the Indus and Jhelum rivers.

Explanation

Metatheria includes marsupials, which are distinguished by the presence of a marsupium (pouch) where young continue development after birth.

These animals give birth to underdeveloped young that crawl into the pouch to complete their growth.

Explanation

Air, water, and noise pollution are recognized types of environmental pollution.

While "wood pollution" is not a valid category.

These forms of pollution harm the environment and living organisms in various ways.

Explanation

Metabolism increases heat production and causes shivering.

When the body needs to generate heat, metabolic processes accelerate, and shivering helps generate additional warmth through muscle activity.

Explanation

The best way to assess your patient's pressure ulcer risk is to use the Braden Scale.

This tool evaluates various factors like sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility, nutrition, and friction/shear to determine the risk level for pressure ulcers.

Explanation

Vital Sign provides essential information about patients' psychological status.

There are four main Vital Sign which are:

• Pulse (heartbeat)
• Blood Pressure 
• Respiratory Rate (respiration)
• Temperature