Explanation

Phagocytic white blood cells (like macrophages) actively engulf and digest pathogens using lysosomes.

These cells have a high number of lysosomes, making them ideal for studying lysosomal activity and function.

Explanation

In the five kingdom classification by Whittaker.

All unicellular prokaryotes like bacteria and cyanobacteria are placed in Kingdom Monera.

These organisms lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, distinguishing them from other kingdoms.

Explanation

Explanation

Digoxin is contraindicated in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) 

It can worsen obstruction and lead to adverse outcomes

Explanation

 Haptoglobin levels are typically decreased because it binds to free hemoglobin released from damaged red blood cells, leading to its depletion in the blood. 

The function of haptoglobin:

Haptoglobin is a protein produced by the liver that primarily functions to bind free hemoglobin in the bloodstream, preventing its toxic effects. 

Explanation

A competitive inhibitor binds to the active site of an enzyme, preventing the substrate from binding.

This type of inhibition is typically reversible, as the inhibitor competes with the substrate for the same binding site.

The inhibition can be overcome by increasing the concentration of the substrate.

Competitive inhibitors do not accelerate the reaction and are generally not irreversible.

Explanation

The patient scheduled for an oral cholecystogram (OCG) should be provided with a fat-free diet on the evening before the test.

A fat-free diet helps to:

• Reduce gallbladder contraction
• Improve visualization of the gallbladder and bile ducts

Explanation

• Carbon dioxide (CO2) is produced when trees and fossil fuels are burned, through a process called combustion.
• Combustion releases carbon dioxide and water vapor into the atmosphere.

Explanation

A nucleotide, the building block of DNA and RNA, consists of three components:

1. A phosphate group (phosphate)
2. A sugar molecule (deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA)
3. One of four nitrogenous bases (Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine in DNA; Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Uracil in RNA)

Explanation

The structure of the brain is similar to the structure of a Walnut, with both having:

• A hard outer layer (cranium vs. shell)
• A wrinkled surface (brain's cerebral cortex vs. walnut's surface)
• A distinct left and right half (brain's hemispheres vs. walnut's halves)