Explanation

Evaporation is the process by which molecules escape from the surface of a liquid to become vapor, even if the liquid is below its boiling point.

This occurs when some molecules have enough energy to break free from the surface tension of the liquid and turn into vapor.

Key Points:

• Boiling occurs when a liquid is heated to its boiling point, causing bubbles to form and rise to the surface.
• Condensation is the process by which vapor is converted back into a liquid.
• Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids.

Explanation

Carbon dioxide (CO2) reacts with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2.

It is also known as lime water to form a white precipitate of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), which turns the solution milky:

Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O

This reaction is often used as a test for carbon dioxide.

Explanation

• Fluorine (F) has an atomic number of 9 and an electronic configuration of 1s² 2s² 2p⁵.
• To achieve a stable electronic configuration, two fluorine atoms share one electron each to form a covalent bond.
• Resulting in a configuration similar to that of neon (Ne), which is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶.

Explanation

• A hydrogen bond is a type of intermolecular force that arises between a highly electronegative atom (such as oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine).
• A hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom.
• This interaction is typically weak compared to covalent bonds.
• But it is strong enough to influence the physical and chemical properties of molecules.

Explanation

• As you move down a group in the periodic table, the atomic size increases.
• This means that the outermost electrons are farther away from the nucleus, making it easier for the atom to gain an extra electron.
• As a result, the electron affinity decreases down a group.

Explanation

• In 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev proposed his periodic law, which states: "When the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic mass, certain sets of properties recur periodically."
• This law allowed him to create the first periodic table, where elements were arranged in a logical order based on their atomic masses and chemical properties.

Explanation

Root hairs are thin, hair-like structures that extend from the roots of plants, increasing the surface area for absorption of water and nutrients from the soil. They play a crucial role in:

• Absorbing water and minerals
• Anchoring the plant in the soil
• Facilitating the uptake of nutrients

Explanation

• Oxygen is a byproduct of photosynthesis.
• It not a factor that affects the process.

Explanation

Never connect ohm meter on live circuits to avoid electric shock or damage.

Explanation

Diastole is the phase of the cardiac cycle where the heart muscle relaxes.

It allowing the chambers to fill with blood.