Explanation

• Refrigerators work on the principle of heat transfer through conduction, convection, and radiation.
• They use a combination of these methods to transfer heat from the inside to the outside, keeping your food and drinks cool and fresh.

Explanation

• Lead-210 is used to determine the accumulation rates of pollutants in layers of soil.
• It helps in studying sedimentation rates and the historical deposition of pollutants.

Explanation

• Cranes use movable pulleys to lift and move heavy loads.
• The pulleys are attached to a cable or rope that wraps around a drum or wheel.
• It allowing the load to be lifted or moved in a vertical direction.

Explanation

• Dilution refers to the process of decreasing the concentration of a solution by adding more solvent.
• While ionisation involves the formation of ions from molecules in a solution.

Explanation

• Air is essentially transparent.
• It allows all light to pass through it without scattering or absorbing any of the light.

Explanation

• Fasteners (such as nuts and bolts) actually benefit from friction, as it helps keep them in place.

Disadvantages of friction:

• Energy loss: Friction converts useful energy into non-usable forms like heat.
• Wear and tear: Friction causes moving parts to wear out and deteriorate.
• Speed limit: Friction limits the maximum speed of automobiles.

Explanation

• Fog is a type of cloud that forms at ground level.
• It characterized by a thick cloud of water droplets suspended in the air near the Earth's surface.
• This reduces visibility and creates a misty or foggy condition.

Explanation

• When yeast is added to dough, it ferments the sugars, producing carbon dioxide gas as a byproduct.
• This causes the dough to rise, making it lighter and airier.

Explanation

• Fungi are multicellular organisms, consisting of many cells that work together to form complex structures like mushrooms and molds.
• They have modified cell wall and nucleus.
• They have not chlorophyll.
• Plants are multicellular, composed of many cells that work together to form roots, stems, leaves, and other structures.
• They have modified cell wall and nucleus.
• They have chlorophyll.
• Animals, including humans, are multicellular organisms made up of many cells that work together to form tissues, organs, and systems.
• They have modified nucleus but don't have cell wall.
• They have not chlorophyll.

Explanation

• The Earth takes approximately 23 hours, 56 minutes, and 4 seconds to complete one rotation on its axis, which is called a sidereal day.
• This is the time it takes for the Earth to rotate once relative to the fixed stars.
• The extra 4 minutes is due to the Earth's slightly ellipsoidal shape and the effects of the Moon's gravitational pull.